Passive Building Cooling
Advanced · Cần chú ý qualifier, quan điểm và giới hạn của bằng chứng.
A Passive cooling reduces indoor heat without relying continuously on mechanical refrigeration. A building can combine solar control, air movement and heat-storing materials, but each element must suit the local climate and pattern of occupation. B The section represents a room beside a protected outdoor space. The arrows show a daytime ventilation path; night operation may differ when cooler air is used to remove heat stored in the structure. C An external shade blocks high-angle sunlight before it reaches the glazing. Warm air leaves the room through a high-level outlet, while a thermal-mass wall absorbs part of the indoor heat and releases it later when conditions are cooler. D Incoming air first crosses a shaded courtyard, where vegetation and protected surfaces can remain cooler than exposed paving. It then enters the occupied room through a low-level inlet on the opposite side from the upper opening. E Designers test air speed and temperature at occupied height rather than judging performance from an architectural drawing. Security, noise, insects and outdoor pollution can affect whether occupants are willing to keep an opening in use. F The layout does not guarantee comfort during every heatwave. Internal gains, humidity, building orientation and the amount of night cooling can change the result, and some climates still require efficient mechanical backup.